Feline and Canine Diabetes ACVIM Fellowship University of Florida Gainesville, Florida, United States
Presentation Description / Summary: Obesity is one of the most common and challenging health problems in cats, with nearly 60% of the feline population affected. Beyond reducing quality of life, obesity predisposes cats to diabetes, orthopedic disease, urinary disorders, and even anesthetic complications. Traditional management relies heavily on caloric restriction, but this strategy is fraught with difficulties. Caloric restriction not only leaves cats feeling hungry but also triggers anxiety-related behaviors (e.g., begging, agitation) that generate concern, guilt, and frustration for owners. These challenges often lead to poor adherence and treatment failure, despite the abundance of prescription diets. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) such as liraglutide represent a promising new therapeutic approach. In people, GLP-1RAs like Ozempic have revolutionized obesity management by reducing appetite, slowing gastric emptying, and enhancing satiety, making long-term caloric restriction more sustainable. Early studies in cats have demonstrated similar effects, with significant weight loss accompanied by a decreased appetite. Notably, by reducing hunger-driven anxiety, GLP-1RAs not only support the cat’s weight-loss journey but also ease the emotional burden on owners, improving their perception of treatment feasibility and sustainability. In this lecture, we will explore the rationale for using GLP-1RAs such as liraglutide in feline obesity, review the latest experimental data, and discuss practical considerations for their clinical application. By opening the door to pharmacologic appetite control, GLP-1RAs have the potential to transform feline obesity management—turning one of the most frustrating challenges in small animal practice into an achievable and rewarding goal for both veterinarians and cat owners.
Learning Objectives:
Recognize the prevalence and health consequences of feline obesity, including its impact on quality of life, comorbidities, and owner–pet relationships.
Recognize the limitations of nutritional restriction alone in managing feline obesity, particularly the challenges of hunger, anxiety, and poor owner adherence.
Comprehend the mechanism of action and evidence for GLP-1 receptor agonists (liraglutide) in cats, highlighting their role in appetite control, weight reduction, and owner perception of treatment.
Apply practical strategies for integrating GLP-1 therapy into clinical practice, including dosing considerations, monitoring, and communication with owners to optimize treatment success.
