Transport and Nursing Management of a Down Horse

Presentation Description / Summary: Differentials for a down horse include colic, severe muscle damage (tying-up), spinal fractures, internal haemorrhage and more commonly neurological conditions such as encephalomyelitis (viral or bacterial brain or spinal infection), grass staggers, or generalised paresis such as botulism, envenomation by Australian snakes or paralysis tick. Tetanus causes muscular rigidity but ultimately also leads to recumbency. Most down horses can’t be managed on farm and are best referred to a hospital with electric hoists, slings and 24-hour intensive care. Nursing care of these animals is key to success and includes: supportive care; IV or oral fluids; nutrition; padding, limb/head protection; catheterize bladder q6-8 hrs; evacuate rectum and enema q8-12 hrs; eye lubricant; flip q4 hours, assist to sternal recumbency; prevention of self trauma (head protection, leg wraps); prevention of pressure sores; absolute attention to ensuring the animal is well padded and dry and not lying in urine. Use of large animal slings on hydraulic hoists allows the animal to be lifted and stand with assistance. The horse must use the sling as a “5th wheel” and should never be left to hang in the sling for extended periods. Pressure sores will rapidly develop. Training a horse to trust the sling and its carers requires a dedicated and patient team, as the horse is often frightened and can be very dangerous. Excellent nursing and time is required to allow these horses to self-heal if the condition has a reasonable prognosis for recovery. The transportation and care of down horses will be reviewed.